Cutter for shearing machines



Aug. 1, 1939. .F.G, w. BRlsTow 2,168,189,

CUTTER FOR SHEARING MACHINES Filed Sept. 1, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 gl fis25g? Flc-3. I e

Aug. 1, 1939. F. Gw. BRlsTow n 2,168,189

CUTTER FOR SHEARING MMHINESr Filed sept. 1, 1937 n 2 Sheets-Sheet 2Patented Aug. 1, 1939 UNITED STATES CUTTER FOR SHEARING MACHINESFranciss George William Bristow, Eastwood, near Sydney, New South Wales,Australia Application September 1, 1937, Serial No. 162,028 In AustraliaSeptember 7, 1936 Claims.

The invention relates to cutters for sheep shearing machines of the typethat are stamped out of solid metal universally used since the inventionof shearing machines.

The cutter usually has a flat face with its teeth or prongs triangularin shape there being usually two, three or more of these teeth orprongs. In some of the known forms of cutters the pressure of themachine fork is applied to the cutter back directly, and the teeth orprongs -thereof receive their pressure from this source to convey thepressure beyond the back of the cutter owing @to the triangular shape ofthe teeth, and the deected top to the point of the tooth, therefore thepressure is not as forward to the point of the teeth of the cutter ascould be desired.

An object of the present invention is to carry the pressure from thefork directly on to the teeth of the cutter as far forward to the pointsas may be desired.

A further object of the invention is to convey the pressure applied bythe usual means, through a plate that will permit the pressure to bedistributed at the point or points of contact between the cutter and thecomb, the plate being slightly flexible permitting an even pressurebeing applied to the tooth or teeth at the point of contact with thefork by means of which it derives its pressure.

A still further object of the invention contemplates the provision of aplate in the form of a beam which produces to a great extent the sameeffect upon the under resistance or pressure to the cutting of the woolas is done in machines that have been fitted with beam pressure platesto the forks for overcoming the under pressure when in use.

The present invention may or may not be a fixture to the cutter and canbe attached to the fork if desired and engage the cutter in that manner.

According to the present invention an arched or flat plate is disposedupon the cutter in such manner that it makes contact at the back or heelof the cutter and also as far forward upon the teeth of the cutter as ispracticable and to this plate the pressure for keeping the cutter andcomb in engagement, is applied.

It is important that the pressure plate be prevented from elongationwhen pressure is applied by the tension means of the handpiece,otherwise 'the tension will not be effective. In other words theapplication of the pressure is useless unless the two ends of the plateare securely held tothe cutter. If the two ends are so held any desiredpressure may be applied at any point of the plate and transferredeffectively to the desired contact points.

It is also essential that the plate be rigidly connected to the cutteras the former must be used fordriving the cutter across the comb; tothis end means must be provided in the solid cutter for securelyfastening the plate, or means must be provided whereby the platesatisfactorily grips the cutter so as to avoid relative movementthereof.

'Ihe plate may be attached to the cutter for instance by screws orrivets or it may be engaged with the cutter in any suitable mannerprovided that it moves therewith. For instance the means for securingthe plate to the cutter may be the means which are provided foreffecting the driving connection between the cutter and the meansprovided for its reciprocation.

It will be appreciated that various means may be provided whereby thecutter may be secured to the plate or the plate to the cutter. Forinstance pins or lugs may be formed on the plate to engage holes orslots in the cutter or the pins or lugs may be formed integral with thecutter and engage corresponding orifices or slots in the plate, thearrangement in either case serving to prevent relative movement betweenthe cutter and the plate. y

The shape of the plate is immaterial, for instance it may be convex orflat when viewed from above provided that it transfers the pressure asfar forward as is desirable and also distributes pressure to the heel ofthe cutter.

An important feature of the present invention ls that it distributes thepressure upon the cutter in such manner that the desired pressure of thecutter upon the comb is applied to the cutter teeth as far forward as isrequired to prevent the cutter lifting from the comb during the cuttingof the wool and to prevent the wool lifting the cutter, while at thesame time ensuring that the desired pressure is applied to other partsof the cutter.

In order that the invention may be more readily understood referencewill now be made to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation through a shearing machine hand pieceshowing the position of the cutter and the pressure plate, the cutterand plate being shown in full lines.

Figure 2 is a plan view of the device shown in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a plan view of a well known form sure plate disposed upon athree tooth cutter of known design.

Figure 6 is a side elevation corresponding to Figure 5.

Figure 7 is a plan view of a cutter and pressure l plate as seen inFigures 5 and 6.

Figures 8, 9, 10 and 11 show the cutter in a modified form whereinFigure 8 is a plan View of the cutter, Figure 9 is a plan of theassociated pressure plate, Figure 10 is a front elevation of the cuttershowing the pressure plate in correct relation to said cutter, whileFigure 11 is a side elevation correspo-nding to Figure 10.

Figures 12, 13, 14 and 15 are a further modification of the cutterwherein Figure l2 is a plan of the cutter, Figure 13 is a plan of theassociated pressure plate, Figure 14 a front elevation of the cuttershowing the pressure plate in correct relation to said cutter, whileFigure 15 is a side elevation corresponding to Figure 14.

Figures 16, 17, 18 and 19 show yet a further modified form of thecutter, wherein Figure 16 is a plan of the cutter, Figure 17 is a planof the associated pressure plate, Figure 18 a front elevation of thecutter showing the pressure plate in correct relation to said cutter,while Figure 19 is a side elevational view corresponding to that ofFigure 18.

The shearing machine handpiece, Figures 1 and 2, has been illustrated toshow the application of pressure to the pressure plate and need not bedescribed in detail, as it does not form part of the invention. Itcomprises a body 5, comb 6, cutter 20, tension applying means comprisingthe shaft 8 and knurled member 9, cutter lever I0, screwed pivot II anddriving means I4, I5, and I8.

Referring now to Figures 3, 5, 6 and 7 which illustrate one form of theinvention, the cutter 20 which may be in the form of any of the wellknown types of cutters has holes I'I and slots I8 for retaining securelythereon the plate I9, Figure 4. The plate is disposed over the cutterbut does not engage or Contact wholly with the upper surface of the saidcutter 28.

As illustrated in Figures 4, 5, 6 and '7 the plate I9 has a body 2l andthree arms 22 made preferably of resilient material. The body 2I of theplate I9 is supported above the cutter 20 by means of distance piecesand as illustrated is secured to the cutter by screws or rivets 23rpassed through the holes I'I. Other suitable means however may be usedfor positioning or securing the body of the plate upon the cutter orvice versa.

At its forward end the plate I9 is shown engaging the cutter 20 by meansof tongues 24 which are formed on the ends of the arms 22 and engage theslots I8 in the upper part of the respective teeth 29 of the cutter 20.

Instead of the slots I8 in the cutter, holes, or grooves of other shapemay be provided to engage the tongues 24. In fact any suitable means maybe provided on the cutter 20 or on the plate I9 whereby the tension orpressure is applied to the heel 25 of the cutter 20 and at a point onthe teeth as far forward as is practicable with a View to attaining theforegoing objects.

For example in Figures 8, 9, 10 and 11 the cutter 20 has slots 3l toreceive lugs 32 formed on the plate I9, while in Figures 12, 13, 14 and15 depressed lugs 33 are provided on the plate I9 to be received indepressions 34 in the cutter 20.

In Figures 16, 17, 18 and 19 lugs 35 are formed on the cutter 20 to bereceived in depressions 36 formed in the plate I9.

In the form of handpiece illustrated, the pressure or tension applied tothe cutter 20 is effected by the parts 8 and 9 through the cutter leverI0.

It is necessary to provide means for driving the cutter and to this endby Way of example, the cutter lever I0 illustrated has a forked end 26and carries pins 21 (see Figures 1 and 2) which are adapted to enterholes in the cutter 20 corresponding with and coinciding with holes 28formed in the pressure plates I9.

The forked end 26 of the cutter lever I0 rests upon the tongues 24 ofthe pressure plate I9 and applies pressure thereto, which pressure isthen distributed by the said plate I9 in the desired manner to the heel25 of the cutter 20 and tothe teeth 29 thereof in a forward position.

In other types of handpieces the tension or pressure is applied to thecutter by means of crows feet which extend from the cutter bar I0 andhave conical projections engaging orifices or slots in the plate I9.With this form of hand piece the pressure plate I 9 is provided withsuitable orices 30, or slots upon the upper face of the tongues 24. Ifdesired the pressure plate I9 may be formed integral with the cutterlever I0.

It will be appreciated that various modifications may be made in themanner in which the plate and cutter are associated and operated withoutdeparting from the spirit of the invention.

I claim:

1. The combination with the cutter of a sheep shearing machine having anoscillating fork, of a plate for transferring pressure to said cutterfrom the fork, said plate having means for engaging the heel of thecutter and having tongues which engage the teeth of said cutter.

2. The combination with the cutter of a sheep shearing machine having anoscillating fork, of a plate for transferring pressure to said cutterfrom the fork, said plate being secured to the heel of the cutter andhaving a plurality of tongues which exert pressure on the teeth of saidcutter.

3. The combination with the cutterV of a sheep shearing machine havingan oscillating fork, of a flexible plate for Ytransferring pressure tosaid cutter from the fork, said plate having means for engaging the heelof the cutter and having a plurality of tongues the extremities of whichare bent over to engage recesses in the teeth of said cutter.

4. The combination with a Vtoothed cutter for a sheep shearing machine,of a fiexible plate having a plurality of tongues so arranged that down-Ward pressure is exerted on the teeth adjacent the extremities thereof,said plate having projections on the rear portion which engagecomplementary recesses in the heel of the said cutter.

5. The combination with a toothed cutter for a sheep shearing machine,of a exible plate havlng a tongue engaging each tooth of the cutter,said plate having recesses in the rear portion, complementaryprojections on said cutter engaging said recesses, and the extremitiesof said tongues being turned down to engage recesses adjacent to theextremities of said teeth and exert pressure on the latter.

FRANCISS G. WILLIAM BRISTOW.

